Product Details

This apparatus is designed to study the discharge behavior of vertical flow through orifices, with emphasis on comparing theoretical and actual flow rates and analyzing the effects of pressure losses. It helps students understand key fluid mechanics principles such as jet deflection, wall friction, and contraction coefficient. The apparatus includes a transparent PPI tank, a precision measuring device, a Pitot tube, and twin tube manometers. An interchangeable mouthpiece system is installed at the outlet of the tank, and five different mouthpieces with varying diameters, inlet contours, and outlet contours are provided. These allow investigation of how geometry influences discharge and losses. The measuring device is used to determine the trajectory of the issued water jet, while the Pitot tube and manometer combination provide the velocity from pressure differences. This unit is valuable for laboratory experiments in fluid mechanics, offering clear visualization of flow phenomena. It enables students to determine contraction coefficients, evaluate pressure losses at different flow rates, and develop practical understanding of theoretical concepts by linking measured results with analytical calculations.